Research Highlights
UK Battery Electric Vehicle Adoption in England and Wales: Who is Left Behind?
September 08, 2025

Private BEV ownership (as % of private vehicles) in local authority districts (LADs) in England and Wales, 2024 Q4. Source: UK Department for Transport, tables VEH0105 and VEH0132, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/vehicle-licensing-statistics-data-tables.
The Science Objective
Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) adoption in the UK is geographically uneven. If BEV adoption is to effectively reduce carbon emissions from road transportation, then it will also be necessary to address potential barriers to BEV adoption posed by existing socioeconomic inequality.
Our objective is to describe the spatial and temporal trends in BEV adoption and determine how far they are associated with local area deprivation levels and other socioeconomic indicators.
Approach
- Utilize existing datasets, particularly from authorities in England and Wales (e.g., Department for Transport, Llywodraeth Cymru).
- Graph and map the most important descriptive trends.
- Consider associations between BEV ownership and area deprivation, using spatial regression analysis.
Impact
Describing the spatial pattern of association between BEV ownership and area deprivation provides clear indications as to the areas that are being “left behind” and where inequity may pose important barriers to the adoption of BEVs. This information is potentially useful in developing policy interventions, social marketing strategies, or raising public awareness about inequity in the adoption of new sustainable technologies.
Summary
This project uses existing datasets to describe spatial and temporal trends in BEV adoption in England and Wales and how these may be linked to area deprivation. This helps to illustrate who is being “left behind” in current transitions towards transport electrification in the United Kingdom.
Team Members

Paul Haggar (Postdoc)
Cardiff University

Dimitris Potoglou (Advisor)
Cardiff University
Publications
In Progress
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